Chapter+4+Key+Concepts

Demography is the study of populations. People in this field use statistics to learn about how populations grow and dwindle. One statistic that demographers use is the birth rate. Birthrate is the number of people born each year per 1000 people. Deathrate is just the opposite. These statistics are useful begause deathrates and birthrates can be used to understand what could be going on in a country.

Did you know that different languages are related? for example English and Russian are related. Languages with similer roots are called language families. English and Russian are two languages in the Indo-Eurpean language. People can use these language families to find out which clultures have similer roots. Linguists are scientists who study languages and language families.

Geographers can take the number of people living within a square mile and use this number to determine the population density. To determine a population of a whole country geographers take the total population and divide by the countries amount of land. Population density tends to be more dense in urban areas. Population density does vary however. Russa happens to have less then 2.5 people per square mile while in contrast, China in some areas has 1250 people or more living within a square mile of eachother.

__ Types of Governments- __ __ Autocracy- __ A system in which power and authority belong to a single individual Dictatorship: desicions of a single leader Monarchy: King/Queen exercise supreme powers with elected government Constitutional Monarchy: monarchs share power with elected government

__ Oilgarchy __ - system in which a small group of leaders hold all the power Government of Communits countries: powers shared by political party and military

__ Democracy- __ system in which the leaders rule with the consent of citizens Citizens decide on an issue Representatives: people elect reps to make decisions

__ Branches in the United States Government- __ Judicial Branch: The branch of the United States government responsible for the administration of justice. Ex) Judges Legislative Branch:  The branch of the United States government responsible for the legislating.  Ex) US Representatives Executive Branch: The branch of the United States government responsible for carrying out the laws. Ex) President

__ Resource Management- __ Natural Resources: Elements from the earth no made by people but can be used by them. Iron and Steel Renewable: This that are made naturally or by man. Forest, Water, Sun, and Animals

Non-Renewable: Not replaceable minerals and fossil fuels. Minerals that can not be replaced

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Population distribution there is population density and population movement in this ones. Population growth: it brings the demographic transition and look at the challenges of growth and its negetives. There are 5 elements of culture 1. language 2. religion 3. social groups 4. government and economy 5 culture regions

The culture changes due to the agricultural revolution and industrial and information revolution The big seven major religion are: 1. Buddhism 2.Christianity 3.Confucianism 4. Hinduism 5. Islam 6. Judaism 7. Sikhism Types of governments are: 1. autocracy 2. monarchy 3.oligarchy 4. democracy