Chapter+4+Terms

Most countries run on a mixed economy.
Market Economy- individuals and private groups make decisions about what to produce The business on the corner runs a market economy. Traditional Economy- habit and custom determine the rules for economic activity The United States of America displays a traditional economy. Democracy- any system of government in which leaders rule with the consent of the citizens The right to vote for a leader in a nation, is called a democracy. Oligarchy- is any system of government in which a small group holds power Iraq has a small group of leaders this is an example of a oligarchy. Autocracy- government in which one person rules with unlimited power and authority Hitler had an autocracy in Germany during World War ll. Federal System- form of government in which powers are divided between the national government and the state or provincial government The federal system in America makes sure that all of the powers are divided up equally. Unitary System- governments in which all key powers are given to the national or central government In a unitary system government many of the leaders are given control over the government. Cultural Hearths- a center where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward A lot of cultural hearths came from Egypt thousands of years ago.

Cultural Diffusion-The process of spreading new knowledge from one culture to another Cultural diffusion occurs by sharing one culture’s foods with another. Culture Region- an organization of cultural development. China is a cultural region. Ethnic Group- An ethnic group is made up for people who share a common culture. In inner cities many Ethnic groups mix. Language Family-Large groups of languages with similar roots. English, Spanish and Russian all share a language family. Culture-a way of life of a group of people. The Spanish culture has common holidays and foods. Population Density-The number of people living within one square mile of each other. Los Angeles has a very high population density. Population Distribution-The pattern of human settlement. Population distribution is related to the earths geological features.

Doubling time: this is the number of years it takes a population to double in size. *doubling time may be affected according to the birthrate of more immigration Demographic transition: it is the model that uses birthrates and death rates to show changes in the population trends of a country or region *u can use the demographic transition to measure the number of birth or death rate in one year Migration: this is the movement of people from place to place. * not only people do the migration but also animal do have the migration at a certain time due to the difference reasons. Natural increase: it is the growth rate of a population, the difference between birthrate and deathrates. If the birthrate in higher than the deathrate, then therefore the country or a region have a natural increase. Deathrate: it is the number of deaths per year for every 1000 people In USA, we have many babyboomer because of our dirthrate is small Birthrate: it is the number of birth per year for every 1000 people If birthrate becomes higher in a country then the population might increase due to lack of deathrate.

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